Effects of the Iraq sanctions

• The six-week Persian Gulf War in 1991 resulted in the large-scale destruction of military and civilian infrastructures.
• The sanctions imposed on Iraq -- to force Saddam Hussein to allow the United Nations to dismantle or destroy Iraq's long-range missiles and chemical, nuclear and biological weapons -- and related circumstances have prevented the country from repairing all its damaged or destroyed infrastructure, and whenever attempts have been made, those have been incomplete. That applies to electricity-generating and water-purification plants, sewage-treatment facilities and communication and transportation networks. That has affected the quality of life of countless Iraqis, especially those belonging to the middle and lower economic levels who do not have alternatives or options to overcome the effects of the war and the sanctions.
• Iraq is an oil-rich country, which before the 1991 war was almost totally dependent on the import of food and medicine. Financial constraints as a result of the sanctions have prevented the necessary import of food and medicine.
• The vast majority of Iraq's people has been on a semi-starvation diet for years.
• The reduction in the import of medicines, owing to a lack of financial resources, as well as a lack of minimum health care facilities, insecticides, pharmaceutical and other related equipment have crippled the health care services, which in prewar years were of a high quality.
• The effect of this situation on Iraq's infant and child population is especially severe. From 1991 to 1998, children under 5 died from malnutrition-related diseases in numbers ranging from a conservative 2,690 a month to a more realistic 5,357 per month.
• The U.N. Oil-for-Food Program has kept the numbers of deaths and cases of malnutrition from rising still higher, but it was never intended as a remedy for the situation.

-- Information taken from U.N. reports and interviews with U.N. officials.

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FOLLOWUP
Larry Johnson returned to Iraq in fall 2002 to see how the population has fared since the original report. See what he found.
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· Introduction · The people · Daily life · The delegates · Local impact · History of sanctions · A push for change · Iraq facts · Timeline · Effects of sanctions · Security Council   Resolution 986 · Gallery